[Lebel Model 1886 rifle, gun of the French army adopted in 1887 which was widely used until after the First World War and during the Second World War] I-Some indigenous body of the French army: 1.The
Zouaves:
The Zouaves are infantry units that owe their name to the tribal confederation of Zouaoua Kabyle (Igawawen in Kabyle).
Zouaves:
The Zouaves are infantry units that owe their name to the tribal confederation of Zouaoua Kabyle (Igawawen in Kabyle).
The uniform of Zouaves is quite complicated and uncomfortable. The Zouave fez wear a turban, a short jacket, a wide cloth belt, baggy trousers or "seroual", white spats and jambières.Une reasons the small number of Zouave units in the armies of the time is the additional cost of that particular uniform, higher than the uniform simple cut and mass produced for other units.
The motto of the French Zouaves is: "Being Zouave is an honor. The stay is a must. "
Zouave regiments were the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 8th, 9th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd et29e regiments.
The Zouaves fought on several fronts, particularly during the conquest of Algeria, the campaigns of the Second Empire and during the First World War.
2.The Algerian infantry :
[ Photo: Senegalese riflemen, Raymond Poincare and General Mangin review a regiment of sharpshooters Senegalese Fismes in the Marne, April 2, 1917]
The Algerian Riflemen infantry units are trained in Algeria the time of "French Algeria". The first regiment of Algerian infantry is it created in 1856. The uniform of the Algerian infantry is composed of a dyed sky blue jacket, a yellow stripe on the front conceals a false pocket and going back to the shoulder by drawing a shamrock, trousers ("seroual" ) blue or white, a belt, and a "scarf"), or a "fez".
The Algerian Riflemen infantry units are trained in Algeria the time of "French Algeria". The first regiment of Algerian infantry is it created in 1856. The uniform of the Algerian infantry is composed of a dyed sky blue jacket, a yellow stripe on the front conceals a false pocket and going back to the shoulder by drawing a shamrock, trousers ("seroual" ) blue or white, a belt, and a "scarf"), or a "fez".
infantry regiments were the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 11th, 13th and 19th regiments.
The Algerian infantry undertake missions in the War of 1870, the first and second world war and the war in Indochina.
3.The goumiers Moroccan :
[photo taken in 144 by Leo Durupt, goumiers having liberated the Val d'Ajol]
The goumiers are Moroccan soldiers from the army French which existed from 1908 to 1956.
The goumiers are Moroccan soldiers from the army French which existed from 1908 to 1956.
A Tabor consists goums March-April. A goum goumiers around 200.
A goumiers originally formed October 3, 1908 to ensure police operations in Chaouia (south of Casablanca). These are infantry units but also cavalry.
Their uniform consists of a djellaba-specific goumier, a gandoura has a roomy jacket, "seroual" shoe called "naâïl", a "Khiout" (consisting of a tangle of brown wool) or a rez (hair Moroccan particular) and sometimes a light khaki scarf. There are 4 GTM (Group of Moroccan Tabors Tabors compound of 3) created from 1908 to 1956. 
The goumiers perform tasks during the two world wars, the war in Indochina during the French colonial campaigns in North Africa.
II-The role of the natives during the colonial wars:
1.The conditions of natives in the French army :
The colonies are composed of many men that can be used to power the city. Despite the resistance encountered by the recruitment, France has found that the soldiers of the colonies fought well and they are fairly well integrated into the army.
The passage in the French army is probably decisive for the colonized, probably more for those whom the military integration. But despite this, they are never treated and considered the equal of French soldiers. Level grades: no native exceeds the rank of lieutenant. Abuse and humiliation are often practiced against them.
2.The consequences of this commitment: Participation
colonial troops in various wars is like a relief for the city. It also appears as the symbol of the empire and the participation in combat is a testament to their attachment to France and its colonial work.
Natives involved in all the battles and gain prestige.
On the front they have a positive image and maintain their reputation for unity response of shock, those fighters with great stamina. They maintain that image in all confrontations militaires.L Empire serves both France and the allies during the conflict. Although it plays a role in the forefront, many died in defense of France and especially for human rights. As can be seen that participation as training for colonial soldiers, most of them served their country a little later. And foremost, they learn to defend their rights, and better organized. So before you defend France, they defend their country, also to be released.
In 1944, the French army has 350,000 soldiers, so that 134,000 indigenous Algerians, Moroccans 73000, 26000 and finally 92000 Tunisian soldiers black Africa that are career military personnel or volunteers. They participate in all the battles from Tunisia to Alsace by way of Italy, Corsica and Provence. They fight for what they see as their country. They are Zouaves, hunters, sharpshooters and form the "Army of Africa" which constituted one of the most important components of the French army.
III-The natives during the First World War recruitment
1.How was it done?
In August 1914, the beginning of the First World War, the French high command decides to use native troops in the conflict.
For this, he calls for the commitment in the colonies, particularly in West Africa and French Equatorial. Diagne first black African member French National Assembly, takes over and manages recruitment: He calls all "African people" in patriotic loyalty and gathering in the folds of the flag of the "motherland".
However, these calls have resulted in 1915, the emergence of resistance among indigenous peoples, including forced recruitment, and is brutally slow. That total failure to France.Avec arrival in 1917 of Georges Clemenceau to the position of Chairman of the Board, Diagne became commissioner of the republic. He began a new recruiting campaign in black Africa and more peaceful: Providing incentives for natives allowances, establishment of schools, free of rights of citizenship, French citizenship, ... This campaign has enabled the recruitment of 63,000 men in French West Africa, and 14000 in French Equatorial Africa.
2.The balance recruitment :
More than 275,000 native soldiers have served in the colonial army. At the end of the war in November 1918, their total losses amounted to 28 700 dead and 6,500 missing.
IV-The natives during the Second World War:
During WWII, the French army 350 000 soldiers natives whose 134,000 Algerians, 73,000 Moroccans, 26,000 Tunisians and 92,000 soldiers from Black Africa . Indigenous people come from different countries that form the French colonies, which are located in North Africa (Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia) and in sub-Saharan Africa.
Algerian soldiers are grouped into regiments of Algerian sharpshooters (FSA °). Algerian infantry regiments of infantry units were trained in Algeria, they belonged to the French Army and there were 19.
The Algerian soldiers contribute to the glories of the French army. They participate in different stages of the liberation of Europe. They constitute the bulk of the infantry, and are therefore most at risk in combat. Despite little training they have, the Algerian soldiers demonstrate qualities of military efficiency and bravery in battle or bloody hard and they break the German defenses with courage and honor. The sharpshooters
Algerians took part in fighting the toughest and most deadly of the Second World War which are:
- The Battle of Mont-Cassino release of Marseilles and Toulon, Battle of the Vosges-release of the The conquest of Alsace-Germany
At the end World War II, among the 409,000 troops mobilized in North Africa, an estimated 11,200 soldiers have been killed, died fighting for France. Finally, and as once said former Senator Gaston Monnerville:
"Without the Empire, France would be a liberated country. With him, she is a winning nation."
Sources:
http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tirailleurs_algeriens
http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaston_Monnerville
http:/ / www.lavoixdunord.fr / files / culture / indigenous / histoire.phtml
http:/ / www.lavoixdunord.fr / files / culture / indigenous / histoire.phtml
http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zouaves http://www .museedesmarches.be/Ontheone/may2005.pdf http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tirailleurs_alg% C3% A9riens
Yanis N-Nassim - William et Djébril
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